The widespread use of petroleum products, such as Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) or fuel, has made them among the most consumed commodities globally, raising concerns about processing standards.
- Properly refined petroleum products are crucial to prevent damage to machines and engines
- Multiple challenges related to inadequate refineries and fuel adulteration exist, especially in Africa
- Sweden, United States are among the five countries with the highest fuel quality
As a result, adopting best practices and improved standards in PMS or fuel production is essential, as poor manufacturing can damage machines and engines designed for its use.
The issue of properly refined petroleum products has been a major global concern due to the problems associated with using substandard fuels.
From the challenges posed by inadequate refineries to the menace of fuel adulteration and illegal bunkering, particularly in Africa, there has been a rise in the circulation of low-quality and contaminated fuel, which in turn damages users’ machines and engines.
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When processing good fuel in Africa, several characteristics are checked, including energy density, moisture content, ash content, sulfur content, and combustion efficiency. Additionally, the fuel’s affordability, availability, and environmental impact are also considered.
Fuel standards in Africa
Africa has varying qualities of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), also known as gasoline or petrol. While some countries meet international fuel standards, others struggle with lower-quality fuel due to refining limitations, contamination, or adulteration.
In February 2020, ECOWAS ministers adopted regulations for cleaner fuels and vehicles.
A 50 ppm sulfur fuel standard took effect in 2021 for imports, with local refineries to comply by 2025.
Imported vehicles must meet EURO 4/IV emissions standards, with a 10-year age limit for used cars. A fuel efficiency plan targets 4.2L/100km by 2030, with incentives for low-emission vehicles.
These measures aim to improve air quality and reduce emissions in the region.
Recently, a controversial documentary highlighted inconsistencies in fuel purchased from Nigeria’s national oil company and Dangote’s refinery, showing how different samples performed in a generator.
Although the documentary’s findings have not been fully confirmed by experts, it once again underscored the risks of using improperly processed fuel.
The production of high-quality fuels is the sole responsibility of a nation’s regulatory bodies. Some countries have achieved exceptional fuel standards by enforcing stringent regulations, adopting advanced refining techniques, and prioritizing sustainability.
This article highlights the top five countries recognized for their superior fuel quality, exploring the key factors that contribute to their leadership in this crucial sector.
According to a report by Petroleum Price, the following countries have the best fuel products globally:
| Rank | Country | Max Sulphur in Diesel (ppm) | Biofuel Share of Fuel Consumption | Emissions Standards |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sweden | 10 | 30% | Euro 6 |
| 2 | Germany | 10 | 7% | Euro 6 |
| 3 | Japan | 10 | 5% | Japanese National Standards |
| 4 | United States | 10 | 10% | Tier 3 (EPA Standards) |
| 5 | South Korea | 10 | 3% | Korean Emissions Standards (Euro 6) |
The table ranks the top five countries with the highest fuel quality based on three key factors: maximum sulfur content in diesel, biofuel share in fuel consumption, and emissions standards.
All five countries maintain a maximum sulfur content of 10 ppm (parts per million) in diesel, ensuring cleaner fuel that reduces air pollution and engine wear.
Sweden leads in biofuel integration, with 30% of its fuel consumption coming from biofuels, followed by the United States (10%), Germany (7%), Japan (5%), and South Korea (3%).
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Regarding emissions standards, Sweden and Germany adhere to the Euro 6 standard, which is among the strictest globally. Japan enforces its own national standards, while the United States follows Tier 3 EPA regulations, which significantly reduce vehicle emissions.
South Korea aligns with Euro 6 through its national emissions standards, ensuring similar environmental benefits.
These factors collectively contribute to cleaner air, better fuel efficiency, and reduced environmental impact in these leading nations.
